Legacy Flow for Server-to-Server

Suggest Edits

The integration allows merchants to redirect to the bank page directly from their checkout page and let customers complete the transaction.

Steps to Integrate

Step 1: Initiate payment request with PayU
Step 2: Redirect the Customer
Step 3: Check the response from PayU

Step 1: Initiate Payment Request with PayU

The first request from you to PayU with the required transaction mandatory/ optional parameters. This needs to be a server-to-server cURL call request.

Request Parameters

Some of the parameters are mandatory for S2S integration, and a few are optional. In addition to the parameters listed in the Collect Payment API - Server-to-Server you need to include the following parameter:

Parameter	Description	Example
txn_s2s_flow	This parameter must be passed with the value as 1 for legacy S2S flow	1

Collect the response in the Collect Payment API - Server-to-Server under API Reference. The response for the S2S payment request is not similar to Merchant Hosted or PayU Hosted Checkout. For description of response parameters, refer to Additional Info for Payment APIs.

Step 2: Redirect the Customer

Redirect the customer to the bank page using the post_data field of result parameter the as received in Step 1.

Step 3: Check Response from PayU

This will be a call back on the URL provided by you.

Response Parameters

The parameters in the response for similar for all the S2S flows. For more information, refer to the Additional Info for Payment APIs

The final response is similar to the following:

{ 
    "mihpayid" :  "16331433547" 
    "mode" :  "DC" 
    "status" :  "success" 
    "unmappedstatus" :  "captured" 
    "key" :  "smsplus" 
    "txnid" :  "payuTestTransaction5700849" 
    "amount" :  "1.00" 
    "cardCategory" :  "domestic" 
    "discount" :  "0.00" 
    "net_amount_debit" :  "1.00" 
    "addedon" :  "2022-12-03 15:03:08" 
    "productinfo" :  "Product Info" 
    "firstname" :  "Ashish" 
    "lastname" :  "" 
    "address1" :  "" 
    "address2" :  "" 
    "city" :  "" 
    "state" :  "" 
    "country" : ""  
    "zipcode" :  "" 
    "email" :  "[email protected]" 
    "phone" :  "9876543210" 
    "udf1" :  "" 
    "udf2" :  "" 
    "udf3" :  "" 
    "udf4" :  "" 
    "udf5" :  "" 
    "udf6" :  "" 
    "udf7" :  "" 
    "udf8" :  "" 
    "udf9" :  "" 
    "udf10" :  "" 
    "hash" :  "6586bb33ed936d07f866cfeb42b9af99e9408270bd31c722ab3a11e61f6b6581cee3cd4f1b8b4aec3a6695c764e5cd76597832735e1e924f2ac0defbd6b3b68f" 
    "field1" :  "" 
    "field2" :  "" 
    "field3" :  "" 
    "field4" :  "" 
    "field5" :  "" 
    "field6" :  "" 
    "field7" :  "AUTHPOSITIVE" 
    "field8" :  "" 
    "field9" :  "Success Transaction" 
    "payment_source" :  "payuS2S" 
    "PG_TYPE" :  "DC-PG" 
    "bank_ref_num" :   
    "bankcode" :  "VISA" 
    "error" :  "E000" 
    "error_Message" : "success"  
    "cardnum" :  XXXXXXXXXXXX8811 
    "cardhash" :  "This field is no longer supported in postback params." 
    "issuing_bank" :  "UBI" 
    "card_type" :  "VISA" 
}

Decoupled Flow over Redirect Experience

Step 1: Initiate Payment Request with PayU

The merchant initiates PayU with the required transaction mandatory or optional parameters. This needs to be a server-to-server curl call request. URL, parameters, and descriptions are listed in the following tables.

Endpoint

Test	https://test.payu.in/_payment
Production	https://secure.payu.in/_payment

Request Parameters

Parameter	Description	Example
txn_s2s_flow mandatory	`String` This parameter must be passed with the value as 1 for Legacy Decoupled flow.	1
auth_only mandatory	`String` This parameter must be passed with the value as 1 for this parameter.	1

Step 2: Redirect the Customer

Basis a successful response of the authentication API, you need to redirect the user to the bank page using acsTemplate. This API specifies the response that is posted to termurl after the authentication for the transaction has been processed.

📘
Notes:

All callbacks POST form data on the merchant’s termurl that is passed in Initiate Transaction API.

Validation of the response happens on the basis of the hash value being returned in the hash value of the response.

Request Parameters

Parameter	Description
rawBankData mandatory	`String` This parameter contains the raw response that is received from bank after authentication. The response is urlencoded and in query string format.
referenceId mandatory	`String` This parameter contains the reference id being returned for the transaction
bankData mandatory	`JSON` This parameter contains the JSON string that is to be used for authorization call.This parameter is received in case of successful OTP submission of decoupled transactions. The postToBank contains messageDigest and pares that is to be posted back for authorization. For more information on the fields in this JSON, refer to bankData JSON Fields Description.
authenticationStatus mandatory	`String` This parameter contains the authentication status of the transaction
hash mandatory	`String` This parameter contains the calculated hash of the data that is posted to the merchant. For security purpose it is recommended to validate the hash value before consuming the response

bankData JSON Fields Description

Field	Description	Applicable for EMV 3DS
cres	`String` This field contains the Base64 encoded value received from ACS as part of the authentication response.	Yes
referenceId mandatory	`String` This field is returned in case of decoupled flow. This field contains the reference id for the transaction
messageDigest mandatory	`String` This field is returned in case of decoupled flow. This field contains the MD value being returned by the bank.
pares mandatory	`String` This field is returned in case of decoupled flow. This field contains the pares being returned by the bank
additionalInfo mandatory	`String` This field is returned in case of decoupled flow. This field contains the data that is being used for the gateways that do not return pares.
authorizationUrl mandatory	`String` This integration document assumes that you have opt-ed out for the particular configuration. The authorization URL in legacy integrations are present basis the config at PayU. Please reach out to [email protected] to know more about.

Sample Response

{ 
    "rawBankData" : "" 
    "referenceId" : "d78a00cef2b413e9969d122c7d8899f5" 
    "bankData" : "{"referenceId":"d78a00cef2b413e9969d122c7d8899f5","messageDigest":"c2e9e456037f033e5cc3d7b6e556189a78058c61cf6b5ed7381e8e371d2f494e1610255c736952094c56e611c8e25108|06422f8040dee9936ce52b4c5cfb782667331cdf","pares":"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","additionalInfo":{"authUdf1":"","authUdf2":"","authUdf3":"","authUdf4":"","authUdf5":"","authUdf6":"","authUdf7":"","authUdf8":"","authUdf9":"","authUdf10":""},"authorizationUrl":"https:\/\/secure.payu.in\/43b39a603908af7325c24c79f31f5f84\/decoupled\/AuthorizeTxn"}" 
    "authenticationStatus" : "success" 
    "hash" : "2d87a411991566566a2efacc926e1bb60f7b850f7812c49343af4fa43ed5939252a17d11cd7a0a78ff9605cb5fdc3407de0ae9a5c54bf9240f6df9334cdecc64" 
}

Decoded bankData example

{
   "referenceId": "d78a00cef2b413e9969d122c7d8899f5",
   "messageDigest": "c2e9e456037f033e5cc3d7b6e556189a78058c61cf6b5ed7381e8e371d2f494e1610255c736952094c56e611c8e25108|06422f8040dee9936ce52b4c5cfb782667331cdf",
   "pares": "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",
   "additionalInfo": {
      "authUdf1": "",
      "authUdf2": "",
      "authUdf3": "",
      "authUdf4": "",
      "authUdf5": "",
      "authUdf6": "",
      "authUdf7": "",
      "authUdf8": "",
      "authUdf9": "",
      "authUdf10": ""
   },
   "authorizationUrl": "https://secure.payu.in/43b39a603908af7325c24c79f31f5f84/decoupled/AuthorizeTxn"
}

Step 3: Authorize (Charge) the Payment

The authorization request is the final step of transaction processing. This again needs to be an S2S call from the merchant’s server to PayU server.

Request Parameters

Post URL: Use the authorizationUrl received in Step 2 to post the following request parameters.

In the request parameters, you will be appending the JSON values received in Step 2 on termUrl to the request, so the list of the request parameters will be as in the following request parameters table:

Field	Description	Applicable to EMV 3DS
cres	This field contains the Base 64 encoded value received from ACS as part of the authentication response	Yes
referenceId	This field contains the same referenceId which sent in response of the first call
additionalInfo	This field can be used in the case of schemes where different parameters may need from merchant side.
messageDigest	This field includes the Base 64 encoding of (sha56 hash of the JSON data (post to server).
pares	This parameter contains the pares being returned by the bank.

Sample Request

curl -X POST "{{termurl from Step 2}}"
-H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" -d "key= {{merchKey}}&amount= {{amount}},&hash&{{auth_hash}}&txnid= {{txnId}}&referenceId= b6035f64240b1862295bc571952cf98&pares=””,&cres=”” &messageDigest=“”&additionalInfo={ "authUdf1": "", "authUdf2": "", "authUdf3": "", "authUdf4": "", "authUdf5": "", "authUdf6": "", "authUdf7": "", "authUdf8": "", "authUdf9": "", "authUdf10": "" }"

Response Parameters

The parameters in the response for similar for all the S2S flows. For more information, refer to the Additional Info for Payment APIs.

Sample Response

{
   "metaData": {
      "message": "No Error",
      "referenceId": "b6035f64240b1862295bc571952cf984",
      "statusCode": "E000",
      "txnId": "payuTestTransaction2746829",
      "unmappedStatus": "success",
      "submitOtp": {
         "status": "success"
      }
   },
   "result": {
      "mihpayid": "15270336226",
      "mode": "CC",
      "status": "success",
      "key": "4wvMqy",
      "txnid": "payuTestTransaction2746829",
      "amount": "1.10",
      "addedon": "2022-06-01 17:39:29",
      "productinfo": "Product Info",
      "firstname": "Postman",
      "lastname": "",
      "address1": "",
      "address2": "",
      "city": "",
      "state": "",
      "country": "",
      "zipcode": "",
      "email": "[email protected]",
      "phone": "9988776655",
      "udf1": "",
      "udf2": "",
      "udf3": "",
      "udf4": "",
      "udf5": "",
      "udf6": "",
      "udf7": "",
      "udf8": "",
      "udf9": "",
      "udf10": "",
      "card_token": "",
      "card_no": "XXXXXXXXXXXX8006",
      "field0": "",
      "field1": "6540854745166970506094",
      "field2": "947167",
      "field3": "1.10",
      "field4": "15270336226",
      "field5": "100",
      "field6": "",
      "field7": "AUTHPOSITIVE",
      "field8": "",
      "field9": "Transaction is Successful",
      "payment_source": "payuPureS2SAuth",
      "PG_TYPE": "CC-PG",
      "error": "E000",
      "error_Message": "No Error",
      "cardToken": "",
      "net_amount_debit": "1.1",
      "discount": "0.00",
      "offer_key": "",
      "offer_availed": "",
      "unmappedstatus": "captured",
      "hash": "cdc409dfd15a842b8d15d6627d0027619882ed800773fa413cef491ae8ff2ef0cdfa654680ba4c8f3567313c6a6b00b94cb3bb5e16bad21d26be01216a69af41",
      "bank_ref_no": "6540854745166970506094",
      "bank_ref_num": "6540854745166970506094",
      "bankcode": "CC",
      "surl": "",
      "curl": "",
      "furl": "",
      "card_hash": "fdb59253e36daf8b3969525ae3799ccb4bb41993a5d2fcaf22737ec3ac8b90ab"
   }
}

Updated 12 months ago

Steps to Integrate

Step 1: Initiate Payment Request with PayU

Request Parameters

Step 2: Redirect the Customer

Step 3: Check Response from PayU

Response Parameters

Decoupled Flow over Redirect Experience

Step 1: Initiate Payment Request with PayU

Endpoint

Request Parameters

Step 2: Redirect the Customer

📘Notes:

Request Parameters

Sample Response

Step 3: Authorize (Charge) the Payment

Request Parameters

Sample Request

Response Parameters

Sample Response

📘
Notes: